Independent salary reference. Not affiliated with the BLS, United Association (UA), or any plumbing union. All wage figures cite the source; individual earnings vary by employer, certifications, and market.
Home/Journeyman Plumber Salary

2026 Salary Guide

Journeyman Plumber Salary 2026:
$69,273 Average ($35-$48/hr)

Updated 17 April 2026

After 4 to 5 years of apprenticeship, a journeyman plumber earns $35 to $48 per hour depending on state, union status, and specialisation.

Average Annual

$69,273

Hourly Rate

$35 - $48/hr

Top 10% Earn

$95,000+

Years Experience

5-8 yrs post-apprentice

What a Journeyman Plumber Does

A journeyman plumber is a fully licensed trades worker who has completed an apprenticeship and passed the state journeyman examination. The journeyman license represents the first full independent working credential in the plumbing trade.

Unlike an apprentice, who must work under direct supervision, a journeyman can plan and execute plumbing work independently, pull permits in their own name in most states, and supervise apprentices on the job. However, a journeyman typically works as an employee of a licensed plumbing contractor rather than running their own business. Starting a business requires a master plumber license in most states.

Journeyman-level work spans the full range of plumbing: residential service and repair, commercial rough-in and trim, new construction, industrial pipe installation, and specialty systems. The type of work a journeyman does directly determines their pay range. Industrial pipefitting pays the highest; residential service repair is the most common entry point.

Journeyman Pay by Years of Experience

Pay increases steadily post-journeyman as skills, efficiency, and specialisation develop.

Experience After ApprenticeshipHourly RangeAnnual RangeTypical Scope
Year 1 (new journeyman)$28 - $36$58k - $75kSupervised service calls, residential
Year 2-3$32 - $40$67k - $83kIndependent service, some commercial
Year 4-5$36 - $44$75k - $92kCommercial new construction, supervising apprentices
Year 6-8$40 - $48$83k - $100kComplex systems, specialty work, lead journeyman
Year 8+ (senior / pre-master)$44 - $55$92k - $114kIndustrial, project lead, master exam eligible

Journeyman Pay by State

Top 15 states by journeyman hourly rate. States with strong union presence and high cost of living lead the list.

StateJourneyman HourlyEstimated Annual
Illinois$47/hr$97,760
New York$44/hr$91,520
Massachusetts$43/hr$89,440
New Jersey$42/hr$87,360
California$41/hr$85,280
Washington$40/hr$83,200
Oregon$38/hr$79,040
Minnesota$37/hr$76,960
Alaska$37/hr$76,960
Connecticut$36/hr$74,880
Michigan$35/hr$72,800
Wisconsin$34/hr$70,720
Colorado$33/hr$68,640
Ohio$32/hr$66,560
Texas$30/hr$62,400

Journeyman rates derived from BLS OES May 2024 state data and union Local wage scales. Annual figures assume 2,080 hours.

Union vs Non-Union Journeyman Pay

The union premium for journeyman plumbers is significant. Here is what the difference looks like in base wages and total compensation.

FactorUnion JourneymanNon-Union Journeyman
Base hourly rate$35 - $50/hr$25 - $38/hr
Health insurance value$8 - $15/hr equivalentSelf-paid or partial employer
Pension contribution$4 - $10/hr equivalent401(k) if offered
Annuity fund$2 - $5/hr equivalentNone
Training fund$0.50 - $1.00/hrNone
Total package (equivalent)$50 - $80/hr+$25 - $40/hr
Annual dues$600 - $1,200/yrNone

See the full breakdown at union vs non-union plumber pay.

Specialty Pay Premiums

Not all journeyman work pays the same. Specialised certifications and work types command meaningful hourly premiums.

Industrial Pipefitter

+$5 - $12/hr

Refinery, chemical plant, power generation

Steamfitter

+$3 - $8/hr

High-pressure steam systems, industrial

Medical Gas Installer

+$3 - $8/hr

ASSE 6010 certified, hospital/clinic work

Backflow Specialist

+$2 - $5/hr

Backflow prevention certification

Commercial New Construction

+$2 - $5/hr vs residential

Larger scale, more complexity

Gas Fitter

+$1 - $4/hr

Gas line certification required

Overtime and Emergency Income

Journeyman plumbers who take on emergency and weekend work can add $10,000 to $20,000 per year to their base income.

Emergency Call-Out Fee

$100 - $250 flat

Plus hourly at 1.5x to 2x standard rate

Weekend Rate

1.5x base hourly

Saturday and Sunday shifts

Holiday Rate

2x to 3x base hourly

Federal holidays, peak demand periods

On-Call Pay

$50 - $150/week

For being available, before any calls

From Journeyman to Master Plumber

The journeyman license is the foundation, not the ceiling. Most plumbers who want to earn at the top of the range, or start their own business, pursue the master plumber license.

Journeyman Experience Required

2 to 5 years

Varies by state. Some require 2 years (Florida); others require 5 years (Texas). Most fall in the 3 to 4 year range.

Master Exam Focus

Code + Business

Advanced plumbing code, system design, bidding, business law, and state-specific requirements. Pass rates typically 50 to 70 percent on first attempt.

Pay Impact

+$10k - $40k/yr

As an employee, master-level pay is $72k to $105k. As a business owner, the ceiling removes itself. See master plumber salary.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the average journeyman plumber hourly rate?
Journeyman plumbers earn $35 to $48 per hour on average in the US in 2026. Union journeymen in major metros often earn $42 to $58 per hour. Non-union journeymen typically earn $28 to $40 per hour.
How long does it take to become a journeyman plumber?
It takes 4 to 5 years of apprenticeship to qualify as a journeyman plumber. Most programs require 8,000 to 10,000 hours of on-the-job training combined with 200 or more hours of classroom instruction per year.
What does a journeyman plumber license allow you to do?
A journeyman license allows you to work independently, pull permits in your own name in most states, and supervise apprentices. It does not allow you to start your own plumbing business in most states, which requires a master plumber license.
How much more do union journeyman plumbers earn?
Union journeyman plumbers earn 25 to 40 percent more in total compensation. Base wages are roughly $7 to $15 per hour higher. When benefits (health, pension, annuity) are included, the total package gap is even larger at $15 to $30 per hour of equivalent value.
Which specialisation pays journeyman plumbers the most?
Industrial pipefitting and steamfitter work pays the most for journeyman-level workers, with hourly rates of $40 to $55 in the field and higher on refinery shutdown work. Medical gas installers and backflow specialists also earn significant premiums.
What is the path from journeyman to master plumber?
After earning a journeyman license, most states require 2 to 5 additional years of journeyman experience before taking the master exam. After passing, you can start your own plumbing business in most states. Total time from start to master: 6 to 10 years.